Chrysanthemum is one of the most representative flowers in autumn and one of the most important ornamental flowers in the world.
There are many kinds of chrysanthemums, with rich colors, and a long history of cultivation. They are widely used in gardening, flower beds, potted plants, and cut flowers.
1. Origin and distribution
Chrysanthemums originated in China, with the earliest records of cultivation dating back to the 15th century BC. In China, the chrysanthemum is regarded as a symbol of elegance, resilience, and purity, and is often associated with literati and traditional festivals such as the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Over time, chrysanthemums spread throughout the world and became widely cultivated not only in East Asia but also as a popular ornamental plant in other regions.
2. Morphological characteristics
Chrysanthemum plant heights vary by variety, with low varieties and tall varieties. The leaves are usually pinnately compound with serrated margins. The flowers are solitary on the top of the stem and come in a variety of colors, including yellow, white, pink, red, and purple.
The flower shapes are also different, there are sunflowers with multiple layers and double petals, and there are also single-layer flowers similar to daisies. The petals are soft and pleasant to the touch.
3. Variety classification
Sunflower chrysanthemum (big chrysanthemum): plump flower shape, layered petals, sunflower-like shape, colorful colors, is one of the most common varieties.
Daisy (Little Chrysanthemum): The flowers are small, with a single layer of petals, similar to a daisy in shape, fresh and lovely.
Rubber Daisy: The flowers are spherical and plump, and are often used in pots and flower beds.
4. Cultivation and propagation
Chrysanthemum like a sunny environment, is resistant to cold and drought, and the optimum temperature for growth is 15-25 degrees Celsius.
When cultivating, you can choose a soil with good air permeability, maintain moderate humidity, and avoid waterlogging. Regular fertilization will help encourage flower growth and opening.
There are various methods of propagation, including seed propagation, branch propagation, and cutting propagation. Seed propagation is suitable for varieties such as sunflower chrysanthemums, and new plants can be grown by sowing seeds.
Branch propagation is to divide a mature plant into several parts and replant it, which is suitable for varieties such as rubber chrysanthemums. Cutting propagation is to insert the flower stem into the moist culture soil and wait for it to take root and germinate. It is suitable for varieties such as daisies.
5. Cultural significance and use
Chrysanthemums have different symbolic meanings in different cultures. In China, the chrysanthemum is endowed with the meaning of elegance, tenacity, and elegance.
It is often combined with poetry, calligraphy, and other arts to become a symbol of the literati.
Chrysanthemums are also widely used in gardening and flower beds. They can be cultivated alone or matched with other flowers to increase the color and layering of flower beds.
In addition, the petals of chrysanthemum can also be used to make tea, which has certain medicinal value and is believed to have the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, soothing the liver, and improving eyesight.
In a word, as a kind of ornamental flower with a long history, the chrysanthemum plays an important role in people's life. Its diverse varieties, rich colors, and rich cultural connotations make it a treasure in the flower world, and is loved and respected by people.
